following TRC products: Daubert, 1996 The heat capacity and entropy, heats of transition, fusion and vaporization and the vapor pressures of cyclohexane. Lainez, A.; Rodrigo, M.M. The heat capacity of benzene-d6, Ind. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated J. Chem. Excess Gibbs Free Energy of the System Hexafluorobenzene + Cyclohexane, In liquid water, hydrogen bonds are constantly being formed and broken as the water molecules slide past each other. ; Wilhelm, E.; Grolier, J.-P.E., J. Res. Water has a high heat of vaporization because hydrogen bonds form readily between the oxygen of one molecule and the hydrogens of other molecules. vapH = [all data], Domalski and Hearing, 1996 [all data], Jones, 1960 ; Taylor, W.J. . 2. National Institute of Standards and You must there are over 200,000 words in our free online dictionary, but you are looking for one thats only in the Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary. Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. There are two types of vaporization and they are evaporation and boiling. This helps counter drastic shifts in temperature, which would be devastating to life. what is the difference between heat and temperature? Soc., 1942, 64, 2482-2485. Bondi, A., Z. Phys. [all data], Gierycz, Kosowski, et al., 2009 All rights reserved. Water's high heat of vaporization is important because it helps to moderate the temperature of the ecosystem. Chem. Chem. In other words, water has a high. Data, 1963, 8, 3, 371-381, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60018a027 Am. 2023. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST J. Chem. One thing to note is that heat is required to convert solid or liquid into a gaseous (steam) state. All rights reserved. VI. No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. Standard Reference Data Act. Hence, a more complete equation to calculate the heat of vaporization is: Where Uvap is the difference in internal energy between the vapor phase and the liquid phase (Uvap = Hvapor Hliquid), and pV is the work done against the ambient pressure. Eng. with the development of data collections included in Heat of vaporization calculates ______________. In lakes and ponds, a layer of ice forms on top of the liquid water, creating an insulating barrier that protects the animals and plant life in the pond below from freezing. ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein Kerns, W.J. On the other hand, when the temperature drops and water freezes, water molecules form a crystal structure maintained by hydrogen bonding (as there is too little heat energy left to break the hydrogen bonds). The heat capacity, entropy and free energy of formation of cyclohexane. Direct link to Quin Keza's post i don't understand really, Posted 3 years ago. It is measured in Joules per mole (J/mol), or sometimes in Calories (C). Data, 1989, 34, 332-335. Soc., 1946, 68, 12, 2537-2538, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01216a032 Some formhydrogen bonds, while other substances form other types of mild bonds between molecules. Excess volumes and excess heaat capacitiies of some mixtures with trans,trans,cis-1,5,9-cyclododecatriene at 298.15K, A small magnitude of electric current is supplied to the cell. Though, the term is not well-defined; however, this term applies to processes in which there is also significant melting. This measurement describes the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of water 1 degree Celsius. Direct link to Marwan's post what is the difference be, Posted 7 years ago. Vapor-liquid equilibria in the systems toluene/naphthalene and cyclohexane/naphthalene, Boiling is similar to evaporation. Start your free trial today and get unlimited access to America's largest dictionary, with: Heat of vaporization. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/heat%20of%20vaporization. Czech. the Gaw, W.J. m = mass of the substance. and Informatics, NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2, Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid, Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions, Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions. Direct link to ILoveToLearn's post The higher the speed, the, Posted 6 years ago. Part of, Posted 8 years ago. Rauh, H.J. and chemical property data is available from the been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. Vapour forms due to the boiling of fuel in the fuel lines, as the result of excessive heating of the engine in hot weather or operation of the vehicle in high altitude regions that lowers the boiling point of the fuel because of which the vapor lock occurs. Water is an anomaly (that is, a weird standout) in its lower density as a solid. Since vaporization requires heat to be added to the system and hence is an endothermic . If you think about using a metal vs wooden spoon in a hot pan of water, it's the metal one that will burn you, because it is more dense and a better conductor of heat. Chem. ; Rossini, F.D., By comparison, if the world were made of mostly ethanol, the temperature would fluctuate rapidly because ethanol has a much lower heat of vaporization and specific heat. NIST Standard Reference Vapor-Liquid Equilibria in Binary Systems Formed by Cyclohexane with Alcohols, How come only 40 calories can increase the water temperature by 75 degrees to its boiling point, if the specific heat property tells us that 40 calories can only increase it by 40 degrees? Young, S.; Fortey, E.C., log10(P) = A (B / (T + C)) Eng. Sci. Why is it important that water has a high heat of vaporization? J. Chem. It means more is the cohesive force between molecules, the more is heat required to vaporize the solid or liquified elements. Part of the answer is that less dense materials conduct less heat, and thus slow down heat transfer. Because it is less dense, ice floats on the surface of liquid water, as we see for an iceberg or the ice cubes in a glass of iced tea. The amount of heat needed to be added to a substance from the environment. Water is also used by warm-blooded animals to distribute heat through their bodies: it acts similarly to a cars cooling system, moving heat from warm places to cool places, helping the body keep an even temperature. While the ocean can absorb much of this heat, it has limits. As such, water also has a high heat of vaporization. been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. J. Am. As such, the heat of vaporization of metals is much higher than that of water. II. Daubert, T.E., Lubomska, Monika; Banas, Agnieszka; Malanowski, Stanislaw K., Drying your clothes on the roof is an example of evaporation. At higher pressures, more energy is required. The Heats of Vaporization and Vapor Heat Capacities of Some Dimethylcyclohexanes 1, shall not be liable for any damage that may result from (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical ; Huffman, H.M.; Thomas, S.B., Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, If you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains *.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked. Ans: The enthalpy of vaporization, i.e., symbolized as Hvap, is known as the latent heat of vaporization/heat of evaporation. ; Anthony, R.G. This is because when water goes lower than 4 degrees celsius it expands. Direct link to svetlana4ered's post But why is the distance b, Posted a year ago. J. Chem. Soc., 1943, 65, 1620-1625. These bonds hold the molecules together. BUR. However, this equation does not take into consideration the additional energy needed for the gas particles to push back against atmospheric pressure to allow for the increase in volume when a liquid boils. J. Diogo, Hermnio P.; Santos, Rui C.; Nunes, Paulo M.; Minas da Piedade, Manuel E., Further, as the ocean absorbs heat, the molecules expand. TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director The layer which is most closer to the air, interacts with air molecules. uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos, Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Notes, Rauh, Geyer, et al., 1973 The vaporization of a liquid is closely associated with a significant increase in the distance between molecules and a reduction in their interactions. Boiling occurs only when the equilibrium vapor pressure of the substance is greater than or equal to the environmental/atmospheric pressure. One moose, two moose. Data compiled as indicated in comments: This structure makes ice less dense than liquid water. . The heat of vaporization always has a positive value because enthalpy is always added to a system in order to vaporize a liquid. Copyright for NIST Standard Reference Data is governed by Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. binary mixtures and chemical reactions, SRSD 2 Web Thermo Tables (WTT), "lite" edition, SRSD 3 Web Thermo Tables (WTT), professional edition, SRD 156 Clathrate Hydrate Physical Property Database, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(95)90678-9, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2. ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein (S.-Peterburg), 1965, 38, 378. So, the direct transition of solid into the gaseous state is sublimation. [all data], Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References. Majer, Vladimr; Svoboda, Vclav; Hla, Slavoj; Pick, Jir, Database and to verify that the data contained therein have Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Why do the fastest-moving molecules leave the liquid? So the transfer of heat from water to air is slowed down by the layer of ice. Direct link to PAlex's post I'll try my best to answe. Ans: The enthalpy of vaporization, i.e., symbolized as H vap, is known as the latent heat of vaporization/heat of evaporation.It is the amount of energy or enthalpy added to a liquid substance to transform a given quantity of that substance into a gas phase. Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. Your institution may already be a subscriber. by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. The higher the speed, the greater the movement, the larger the likelihood that the particle will ricochet off the container or another particle in just the right way to escape. Eng. Zh. Chem., 1988, 66, 4, 783-790, https://doi.org/10.1139/v88-136 A very basic equation to calculate the heat of vaporization is: This calculates the difference in internal energy of the vapor phase compared to the liquid phase. ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein [all data], Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References. [all data], Gaw and Swinton, 1968 Theory of Relativity - Discovery, Postulates, Facts, and Examples, Difference and Comparisons Articles in Physics, Our Universe and Earth- Introduction, Solved Questions and FAQs, Travel and Communication - Types, Methods and Solved Questions, Interference of Light - Examples, Types and Conditions, Standing Wave - Formation, Equation, Production and FAQs, Fundamental and Derived Units of Measurement, Transparent, Translucent and Opaque Objects, Find Best Teacher for Online Tuition on Vedantu. It is also known as the phase transition from the liquid to the gas phase, but boiling is the formation of vapor as bubbles of high-temperature water below the surface of the liquid just like we keep the water jar on a high flame, it turns to bubbles and then the steam escapes into the atmosphere. Meaning the molecules are further apart. Eng. . As a result of the EUs General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The hotter the liquid already is, the less energy is required. Ans: Vapour forms due to the boiling of fuel in the fuel lines, as the result of excessive heating of the engine in hot weather or operation of the vehicle in high altitude regions that lowers the boiling point of the fuel because of which the vapor lock occurs. We all know that firstly ice converts to liquid and then this liquid turns into steam; however, there is a process that directly converts solid into gaseous form without turning to the liquid phase. is similar to evaporation. [all data], Kerns, Anthony, et al., 1974 The pressure of the saturated vapor is expressed in mmHg; this pressure is also called the saturated vapor pressure. ; Susarev, M.P., Vapor pressure of cyclohexane, 25 to 75.degree., ; Geyer, W.; Schmidt, H.; Geiseler, G., Youve just been out in the sun for awhile, and youre sweating quite a bit as you sit down and grab a glass of cool ice water. Thermal data. Follow the links above to find out more about the data uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Z. Phys. [all data], Parks, Huffman, et al., 1930 SRD 103a Thermo Data Engine (TDE) for pure compounds. At this juncture, a vapor is said to be saturated. The term vaporization was being used in colloquia/hyperbolic manner to allude to the physical destruction of an object/element that is exposed to intense heat or explosive force, where the object of large mass is split into small pieces rather than converting into gaseous form. ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein The Internal Heat of Vaporization constants of thirty pure substances, q = heat. The heat of vaporization describes how much energy is needed to separate these bonds. So when water reaches 0 degrees celsius it is frozen at an expanded state. But why is the distance between molecules in ice bigger than in water? Direct link to Immanuel Tolstoyevski's post Yes, that part is not ver, Posted 6 years ago. Faraday Soc., 1968, 64, 637, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9686400637 Commun., 1979, 44, 3, 637-651, https://doi.org/10.1135/cccc19790637 The meaning of HEAT OF VAPORIZATION is heat absorbed when a liquid vaporizes; specifically : the quantity of heat required at a specified temperature to convert unit mass of liquid into vapor. Delivered to your inbox! Aust. Many metals form complex interactions with other metal atoms. Bildungsenthalpien und mesomerieenergien von -bindungssystemen, ; Wilhelm, E.; Grolier, J.-P.E., At a certain point, the molecules will begin to break away from the liquid and vaporize. Vaporization occurs when a laser heats the material above or equivalent to its boiling point. Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser. You may have seen this for yourself if you've ever put a sealed glass container containing a mostly-watery food (soup, soda, etc.) For instance, the specific heat capacity of water is about five times greater than that of sand. Heat of Vaporization (J/g) Acetic acid. 'Hiemal,' 'brumation,' & other rare wintry words. Part 3.?Excess Gibbs free energy of the system hexafluorobenzene + cyclohexane, Marinichev, A.N. Prikl. Soc., 1943, 65, 1135-1139. J. Chem. The high-power densities generated by short-pulsed lasers let the vaporization occur with minimum thermal damage to the surrounding material. This causes water to easily vaporize, which helps humidify the world. Eng. Data, 2009, 54, 11, 2996-3001, https://doi.org/10.1021/je900050z II. Specifically, in ice, the water molecules are pushed farther apart than they are in liquid water. The Vapour Pressures, Specific Volumes and Critical Constants of Hexamethylene., [all data], Go To: Top, Phase change data, References. The difference in volume between a substances liquid state and gaseous state. [all data], Bondi, 1963 If the heat of vaporization for H20 is 2357 J/g, calculate the total amount of heat energy that required to vaporize 145 grams of H20. The distinction between the two is clear (now). . ; Szasa, G.J. Chem. Simon, M., Thermal data on organic compounds. To get water to vaporize, you must increase the temperature to make the molecules move faster. 1986 results, Critical Constants and Straight-Line Diameters of Ten Hydrocarbons, [all data], Young, 1972 We provide you year-long structured coaching classes for CBSE and ICSE Board & JEE and NEET entrance exam preparation at affordable tuition fees, with an exclusive session for clearing doubts, ensuring that neither you nor the topics remain unattended. J. RES. Vapor-Liquid Critical Properties of Elements and Compounds. Biologydictionary.net Editors. Rotinjanz, L.; Nagornow, N., Also known as enthalpy of vaporization, the heat of vaporization (H vap) is defined by the amount of enthalpy (heat energy) that is required to transform a liquid substance into a gas or vapor. for nonpolar compounds is given by the following empirical Hildebrand's rule: It is a type of vaporization in which a small amount of material, i.e., 5-100. of the substance is deposited in the electrically conductive vaporization cell. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis, vapH = A exp(-Tr) We can understand this by thinking back to the case of a bottle of soda pop cracking in the freezer. Study of a Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium in the Systems of Acetone/Methanol and Acetone/Cyclohexane at Temperatures 35, 45, 55 C and Pressure 760 Torr, They are still, but why not close enough to each other to make a dense body? J. Yes, that part is not very clear. Direct link to iShowRizz's post This is because when wate, Posted 7 years ago. When evaporation occurs in a closed container, it proceeds until all the molecules inside the liquid escape. Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions. My question is related to the first question listed. Go To: Top, Phase change data, References, Notes. The critical properties of thermally stable and unstable fluids. Biology Dictionary. The enthalpy of vaporization is generally considered for the normal boiling temperature of the substance whose value is usually corrected to 298 K. Q2: Describe Electrochemical Vaporization. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 Chim. (Leipzig), 1973, 253, 43-48. BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein All rights reserved. Eng. In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center Volume III, . Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc). Figure 1: Heat imparts energy into the system to overcome the intermolecular interactions that hold the liquid together to generate vapor. Direct link to Ryan Hoyle's post Awesome question. Direct link to Hikari Akasaki's post Why do the fastest-moving, Posted 7 years ago. Stand. When a cell freezes, its watery contents expand and its membrane (just like the soda bottle) is broken into pieces. Copyright for NIST Standard Reference Data is governed by Marinichev, A.N. Just as it takes a lot of heat to increase the temperature of liquid water, it also takes an unusual amount of heat to vaporize a given amount of water, because hydrogen bonds must be broken in order for the molecules to fly off as gas. To save this word, you'll need to log in. Temperature is the way we measure heat. So, when there is a temperature rise, the atoms or molecules of a liquid or solid that are held together by cohesive forces, turn to adhesive forces, which in turn, separate the atoms or molecules to form the vapor; therefore, the heat of vaporization is a direct measure of these cohesive forces. The solid would be suspended in the middle of the liquid without moving. Data compiled as indicated in comments: Alcohol, methyl (methanol alcohol, wood alcohol, wood naphtha or wood spirits) 1100. Branched Alkanes and Cycloalkanes, Bull. Direct link to Mahira's post Water's high heat of vapo, Posted 4 years ago. InChI=1S/C12H18/c1-2-4-6-8-10-12-11-9-7-5-3-1/h1-2,7-10H,3-6,11-12H2/b2-1-,9-7+,10-8+, National Institute of Standards and The enthalpy of vaporization is often quoted for the . Biologydictionary.net, June 06, 2017. https://biologydictionary.net/heat-of-vaporization/. Heat is how fast the molecules are moving in a given object. Vapor lock disrupts the operation of the fuel pump, leading to the loss of feed pressure to the fuel injection system, resulting in transient loss of power or complete stalling/stoppage. It takes a lot of heat to vaporize water, which is important for the water cycle and temperature of the Earth. . DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing, Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes, Data compiled as indicated in comments: Ruehrwein, R.A.; Huffman, H.M., . When a system captures hear from its surroundings, there is a temperature rise. Requested URL: byjus.com/heat-of-vaporization-formula/, User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.0.0 Safari/537.36. 518. Collect. [all data], Majer and Svoboda, 1985 . [all data], Lainez, Rodrigo, et al., 1989 Soc., Trans., 1899, 75, 873. 2021 by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce The vibrational frequencies of alicyclic ring systems, Zh. Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) [all data], McCullough, Person, et al., 1951 3. The Heat Capacity of Gaseous Cyclopentane, Cyclohexane and Methylcyclohexane, Standard Reference Data Act. (kJ/mol) Spitzer, Ralph; Pitzer, Kenneth S., The Heat of Vaporization (also called the Enthalpy of Vaporization) is the heat required to induce this phase change. the Ser., 1990, 86, 279, 122-7. by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. J. [all data], Gaw and Swinton, 1968, 2 In a solution containing both the liquid and gaseous states, the kinetic energy of the vapor is higher than that of the liquid because the particles of vapor are able to flow more easily. ; Spitzer, Ralph, ; Swinton, F.L., J. Cruickshank, Austin J.B.; Cutler, A.J.B., At the surface of a liquid, why do some molecules evaporate but others do not? Abt. . Direct link to miluutin's post In this paragraph of heat, Posted 7 years ago. [all data], Lee and Holder, 1993 Heat of Siblimation of Molecular Crystals: A Catalog of Molecular Structure Increments., uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Heat of Vaporization. Gierycz, Pawel; Kosowski, Andrzej; Swietlik, Ryszard, When water goes through the water cycle (evaporation, condensation, precipitation), at the stage of precipitation, heat is released, and rain falls. In this paragraph of heat of vaporization I got a bit confused by these numbers: "Waters heat of vaporization depends on the temperature: it's around 540 cal/g at 100 C (water's boiling point) and around 580 cal/g at 25 C (room temperature).". ; Susarev, M.P., Hence, the temperature at which boiling occurs is the boiling temperature or boiling point. Data, 2002, 47, 6, 1466-1471, https://doi.org/10.1021/je025540l All rights reserved. (U.S.), 1945, 35, 3, 219-244, https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.035.009 Ebulliometric apparatus for the measurement of enthalpies of vaporization, Direct link to Ron Feldman's post My question is related to, Posted 4 years ago. And since it is frozen at an expanded state with molecules further apart, it is less dense than water which has it's molecules closer together. Example1. When the heat is raised (for instance, as water is boiled), the higher kinetic energy of the water molecules causes the hydrogen bonds to break completely and allows water molecules to escape into the air as gas. (Left) Crystal structure of ice, with water molecules held in a regular 3D structure by hydrogen bonds. Vapor Pressures and Boiling Points of Some Paraffin, Alkylcyclopentane, Alkylcyclohexane, and Alkylbenzene Hydrocarbons, Water molecules are very good at forming. shall not be liable for any damage that may result from ; Pignocco, J.M. shall not be liable for any damage that may result from Test your knowledge - and maybe learn something along the way. View plot This is extremely important for life on Earth. [all data], Svoboda, Vesel, et al., 1973 [all data], Teja and Anselme, 1990 on behalf of the United States of America. Chem. Since living things, from human beings to bacteria, have a high water content, understanding the unique chemical features of water in its three states is key to biology. Why is waters high heat of vaporization important? [all data], Cruickshank and Cutler, 1967 Soc. Technology, Office of Data Evaporation is the surface process wherein sprinkles of liquid spread on the ground turn to steam when the surface is hot. Why ice floats. Data compilation copyright on behalf of the United States of America. Czech. Since the molecular pressure and the kinetic energy of each molecule inside the container is high because of the high temperature; therefore, more molecules escape the surface, and the saturated vapor pressure also increases. The amount of heat needed to be released from a substance into the environment. Why is it harmful for living things to freeze? i don't understand really well how hydrogen bonds are oriented in ice, https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-DJGwXk7Zv8U/VnFQy3rcKpI/AAAAAAAAAQs/C8tsSMRycVo/s800-Ic42/structure%252520of%252520molecules.PNG. That means water expands when it freezes. (2017, June 06). . Am. (Moscow), 1965, 38, 378-383. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on our website. and Informatics, NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data), Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid, Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions. [all data], Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1979 J. Chem. The vaporization of a liquid is closely associated with a significant increase in the distance between molecules and a reduction in . Part 3. Ziegler, W.T. Standard Reference Data Act. Chem. The answer seems to contradict what I thought I had learned 50 years ago in high school physics. ; Fink, H.L., Technology, Office of Data Temperature dependence of heats of vaporization of saturated hydrocarbons C5-C8; Experimental data and an estimation method, Soc., 1930, 52, 1032-1041. NATL. The amount of energy required is a function of the pressure at which the transformation takes place, and is temperature dependent. This holds the molecules together even tighter than water molecules. . Heat of Vaporization Definition. The required increase in internal energy can be described as the energy needed to break the intermolecular interactions in the liquid. Data compilation copyright Gaw, W.J. DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing Data, 1996, 41, 365-372. It is measured in Joules per mole (J/mol), or sometimes in Calories (C). Rauh, H.J. Specific heat capacity and heat of vaporization of water. Z. Phys. In a liquid state, a certain substance forms many temporary, but strong bonds between molecules. 4. J. Retrieved from https://biologydictionary.net/heat-of-vaporization/. . The enthalpy of vaporization (symbol H vap), also known as the (latent) heat of vaporization or heat of evaporation, is the amount of energy that must be added to a liquid substance to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas.The enthalpy of vaporization is a function of the pressure at which that transformation takes place.. The heat capacities, entropies and free energies of some saturated, non-benzenoid hydrocarbons, Because this doesn't happen with the layer of ice in the way, water can stay warmer for longer.
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